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Albert Einstein in l’Espluga de Francolí (Tarragona), on February 25, 1923
Albert Einstein visited Catalonia between February 22 and March 1, 1923, invited by the Mancomunitat de Catalunya and the Institut d’Estudis Catalans to teach a course. In this article we will summarize the most relevant events of his visit to Barcelona and we will focus on one that took place on February 27: Albert Einstein’s interview with Àngel Pestaña and other anarchist leaders.

The Monographic Courses of Higher Studies and Exchange of the Commonwealth of Catalonia were an initiative of the Pedagogy Council of the Commonwealth aimed at the exchange of teachers between the centers dependent on the entity (in reality, the Barcelona Provincial Council) and foreign universities.

It was the mathematician, physicist and engineer Esteve Terradas (one of the six best bosses in the world, according to Einstein), as head of the physical-mathematical science courses, who invited Einstein to Barcelona. Thanks to these courses, scientists such as the Italian mathematician Tullio Levi-Civita (January 1921) or the German physicists Hermann Weyl and Arnold Sommerfeld (March 1922) also gave lectures in Barcelona.
In addition to Terradas, the chemical engineer Casimir Lana and the industrial engineer Rafael Campalans, the three German-speakers, acted as Einstein’s hosts during his stay in Barcelona. Within the framework of these courses, Einstein gave three conferences at the Diputación on special and general relativity. Although the conferences were intended for a specialized audience, many attendees filled the room to capacity just to see him and hear his voice, although you had to pay 25 pesetas at the time to do so.
The Academy of Sciences was the scene of another conference, more accessible than the previous one, in this case on the cosmological aspects derived from the theory of relativity. The mathematician Ferran Tallada, from La Vanguardia, and the poet and writer Josep Maria de Sagarra, from La Publicitat, echoed that very few understood the German physicist’s expositions. Instead, the philosopher Joaquim Xirau, also from La Publicitat, spoke of “wonderful clarity.”

Einstein visited the rector of the University and the mayor of the city, but one of the meetings that raised the most expectations was the one that took place in the anarcho-syndicalist confederation on Baix de Sant Pere street, where he was received by the leaders of the CNT Ángel Pestaña and Joaquin Maurin.
The anarcho-syndicalist leader Àngel Pestaña met with Albert Einstein on February 27, 1923.
Einstein and anarchist Barcelona
The pacifism manifested by Einstein publicly, as well as the rejection of the signing of the manifesto of the German intellectuals where they supported the military objectives of the Kaiser in the First World War (the manifesto of the 93) had turned Einstein into a true hero of the classes. workers. Einstein refused to sign this manifesto, which had been signed by all his colleagues, such as Max Planck, among others. In addition, in 1914 the German physicist signed a manifesto against the war and in favor of the unity of Europe.
Continue reading “Einstein, Barcelona and anarchism in 1923 (2013) – Xavier Lasauca i Cisa”




















